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The civil engineering discipline involves the development of structural, hydraulic, geotechnical,

construction, environmental, transportation, architectural, and other civil systems that address societies’ infrastructure needs.

The planning and design of these systems are well covered in traditional

courses and texts at most universities. In recent years, however, universities have increasingly

sought to infuse a “systems” perspective to their traditional civil engineering curricula. This development

arose out of the recognition that the developers of civil engineering systems need a solid set

of skills in other disciplines. These skills are needed to equip them further for their traditional tasks

at the design and construction phases and also to burnish their analytical skills for other less-obvious

or emerging tasks at all phases of system development.

The development of civil engineering systems over the centuries and millennia has been characterized by continual improvements that were achieved mostly through a series of trial-and-error as systems were constructed and reconstructed by learning from past mistakes. 

At the current time, the use of trial-and-error methods on real-life systems is infeasible because it may take not only several decades but also involve excessive costs in resources and, possibly, human lives before the best system can be finally realized. Also in the past, systems have been developed in ways that were not always effective or cost-effective. 

For these and other reasons, the current era, which has inherited the civil engineering systems built decades ago, poses a unique set of challenges for today’s civil engineers. A large number of these systems, dams, bridges, roads, ports, and so on are functionally obsolescent or are approaching the end of their design lives and are in need of expansion, rehabilitation, or replacement. 

The issue of inadequate or ageing civil infrastructure has deservedly gained national attention due to a series of publicized engineering system failures in the United States, such as the New Orleans levees, the Minnesota and Seattle interstate highway bridges, and the New York and Dallas sewers, and in other countries. 

The current problem of ageing infrastructure is further exacerbated by increased demand and loading fueled by population growth, rising user expectations of system performance, increased the desire for stakeholder participation in decisionmaking processes, terrorism threats, the looming specter of tort liability, and above all, inadequate funding for sustained preservation and renewal of these systems.

Civil Engineering System Contents

• Introduction
• Fundamental Concepts in Systems Engineering
• Tools Needed to Carry Out the Tasks
• The Needs Assessment Phase
• Systems Planning
• System Design
• Systems Construction
• System Operations
• System Monitoring
• System Preservation (Maintenance and Rehabilitation
• System End of Life
• Other Topics Related to Civil Systems Development

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